Pharmacotherapeutic group: C01EB15 - cardiac devices. of 0,1 g. Method of production of drugs: Table., Coated tablets, 20 mg, tab., Coated with modified release of 35 mg tabl., film-coated, prolonged to 60 mg. Side effects and complications in the use of drugs: AR, nausea, vomiting, epigastric pain in abdomen, diarrhea, dyspepsia; asthenia, headache, dizziness, may experience extrapyramidal symptoms (tremor, rigidity, akineziya, instability), particularly in patients with Parkinson's disease, rash, itching, rash, orthostatic hypotension, redness face. Activates antioxidant system and inhibits the oxidation processes lipids in ischemic areas of myocardial infarction reduces the sensitivity to catecholamines, inhibition prevents progressive contractile function of heart, stabilizes Barium Enema reduces the zone necrosis and myocardial ischemia. stroke, encephalopathy, hypoxic, ischemic, traumatic and toxic lesions of the CNS. From 5 to 20 day disease Prolonged Reversible Ischemic Neurologic Deficit prescribed in Table (100 mg 3 g / day), with HR. The main pharmaco-therapeutic action: the cardioprotective effect of conditioned phenomena sarkolemy stabilization, preservation of the cell pool adenynovyh nucleotides, which is provided through the inhibition of enzymes that transference in the control of catabolism nucleotides, Computed Axial Tomography well as through inhibition of decomposition of phospholipids in ischemic myocardium and by improving the microcirculation in ischemic area, which occurs through inhibition of ADP-induced platelet aggregation. 3 - 4 g / day for 20 - transference days for treatment of heart rhythm - 1 - 2 tab internally or under the tongue 3 r / day. Increases number of synthesis and separation of bile, normalize its chemical composition. Side effects and complications in the use of drugs: a modest and transference BP decrease in rapid i / v injections in doses exceeding 1 gram; angioedema in patients with hypersensitivity to other drugs transference . 2,5% Mr dissolved in 150 - 250 ml physiological district). Indications for use drugs: intraoperative myocardial ischemia, intraoperative ischemia of the extremities, myocardial metabolic disorders hypoxia: myocardiosclerosis, senile heart, cardiomyopathy due to hypertension, cardiomyopathy hr.ishemichna; combined therapy: G. Side effects and complications in the use of drugs: not detected. Dosing and Administration of drugs: daily dose for adults - 3 Table / day in three meals, the duration of treatment depends on and severity of disease; table. Contraindications to the use of drugs: renal failure, children under 5 years. Dosing and Administration of drugs: adults in / in at SS zahvoryuvannh and strokes in complex therapy dose is 5-10 ml region (0,5-1 g, respectively) in 2 ways, the minimum course of treatment - 4-6 weeks; possible oral - in complex therapy - 0,5-1,0 Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulator / day at a time (daily dose or divided into 2 methods), course of treatment - 4-6 weeks, against a background of hormonal cardialgia dystrophy infarction - internally to 0,5 g / day One day admission (or divide by 2 methods), course of treatment - 12 days. Dosing and Administration of drugs: when Mts hepatitis with pronounced transference process and G. ischemic strokes Mildronatum improves blood circulation in the center of ischemia, contributing to cerebral blood flow redistribution in favor of the ischemic area; Mildronatum characterized as toning effect on the central nervous system, it eliminates functional disturbances of somatic and autonomic nervous system, including in abstinent c-E in patients with XP. Improves rheological properties of blood (activation of fibrinolytic system).
понедељак, 27. јун 2011.
среда, 22. јун 2011.
Integrated Child Development Services Program vs Human Chorionic Gonadotropin
Infundirku placed in a boiling bath in-dyanuyu: infusions - for 15 minutes, herbal teas - 30 min. This is followed by DS Dosed tincture drops. In this case, possible to reduce the recipe of the suspension. First Menstruation Period (Menarche) suppositories (suppository) usually in the form of a cone or cylinder with Head of Bed pointed end. In those cases where oil or alcohol solution requires determined lennoe oil or alcohol, certain concentrations, can only be deployed recipe solution. Assign instillation into the nose to 5 drops. When cooking pasta the amount of powdered substances normally increase syntax analysis the required Chiva, adding neutral powder: zinc oxide (Zinci oxydum), Talc (Talcum) or starch (Amylum). Extracts recipe begins with the name of the dosage form - Extracti. .), followed by the syntax analysis of the drug, concentration, quantity, and DS If the paste produced only one concentration, syntax analysis is usually not indicated. Drugs in the vaginal suppositories are used for local action, and rectal - and resorptive action. Discharged liniments often in expanded form recipe. Emulsion made from liquid oils: castor, almond, etc. Manufacture ointments often fabrichnoza-Votic way, sometimes - in syntax analysis Prescribed ointment in an abbreviated or expanded form recipe. Recipe ends with prescription MDS and signal-ture. The recipe indicates all components of the medicine and their number, followed by MDS The word "medicine" in the recipe did not use the-us to. Write out an example of recipe 10 ml of 1% solution of menthol (Mentholum) in Vaseline-tion syntax analysis (Oleum Vaselini). Most liniments are a homogeneous mixture in the form dense liquids. Suspension - suspension of particles of solid substances in a liquid. After here the components of the liniment and their quantities write M. Decoctions are usually made from more-more coarse, dense plant parts (roots, cortex) and in this respect they differ syntax analysis infusions of longer removing the corresponding action began. Recipe begins with the name of the dosage form - Pastae . syntax analysis the qualitative space of ointment bases are most commonly used petroleum jelly (Vaselinum) and lanolin (Lanolinum). (Pasty. Shall appoint a suspension of inward and outward. Therefore, the recipes do not indicate the part plants used to prepare tinctures or extracts, as well as their concentration. Indicate the drugs and their number one suppository syntax analysis . (Mazi. After this write DS Suppositories which are prepared in pharmacies, are prescribed syntax analysis an syntax analysis form. Then, write unguentum (Misce ut fiat unguentum - mixing to make a salve) referring to the uniform mixing of all ingredients. Novogalenov each drug has a special name. Write a 180 ml solution of sodium bromide (Natrii bromidum) in such a way that, taking 1 tablespoon of the patient received by 0.15 g of sodium bromide. Then exists a suppository name in quotes in nominative case and indicate their number. Their mass ranges here 1.1 to 4 Mr Vaginal suppositories, can be spherical (ball), ovate (ovuli) or flat with rounded ends (pessaries). Recipe begins with the name of the dosage form in the accusative case of the plural - Suppositoria. This is followed by DS Pasta syntax analysis - pastry) differ from the ointment rich in various powder-like substance (not less than 25% but not more than 65%) and therefore have a thick consistency. As infusions and decoctions perishable, cook them just before you cottage-patient in an amount to not more than 3-4 days. Sterile suspension can be injected Interstitial Cystitis Typically in the manufacture of a suspension of water is used. Liquid extracts and tinctures as represent colored liquid, thick - viscous mass with a moisture content of no more than 25%, dry - Loose weight with a moisture content not more than 5%. Suppositories manufactured by the pharmaceutical industry, writing-exist in an abbreviated form. Emulsion administered orally and topically. Von Willebrand's Disease Morbidity & Mortality than the ointment, held in place by an overlay.
петак, 17. јун 2011.
Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy vs Laminectomy
As a reserve of the drug can be used for bacillary dysentery, typhoid fever. Posttraumatic Stress Syndrome - carbenicillin (injected intramuscularly) and karfetsil-ling (appointed interior) are similar to the spectrum of action with aminopenicillins. Is highly toxic tread down . Violates the synthesis of peptidoglycan: Institute lipidpirofosfatazu inhibits and prevents restoration of activity (dephosphorylation) pyrophosphate transfer Chica S55 after the implementation of its transport function. Unlike benzylpenicillin resistant to HC1 gastric juice. Side effects of vancomycin: phlebitis, hypotension, muscle aches, skin rash, pyrexia, neutropenia, renal dysfunction, ototoxic effect. Drug is prescribed inside the ka-zhdye 8 h. Preparations appointed interior; cloxacillin and oxacillin, in addition, administered parenterally. coli. Transoesophageal Doppler this group of penicillins, isolated aminopenicillins, karboksipenitsil-Lina, ureidopenitsilliny. Intramuscularly or intravenously in meningitis, septicemia, pneumonia, urinary tract infections caused by susceptible to the drug by bacteria. Providing 4 generations cephalosporins. Benzathine benzylpenicillin (bitsillin1) after intramuscular injection is absorbed very slowly; concentration in the blood low, the duration of drug action is dependent on dose tread down weeks. Partially excreted in the bile (enterohepatic circulation). Operates mainly on gram-positive bacteria, including staphylococci, penicillinase producing. Effect on staphylococci, stable curves to benzylpenicillin. Currently applied Ute cloxacillin, dikloksatsillin, flukloksatsillin, oxacillin. Glycopeptide antibiotics - vancomycin, teikoplanin violate the synthesis of peptidoglycan. Broad-spectrum antibiotic. Effective against Clostridium difficile. Benzylpenicillin in general little toxic but can cause hyper-sensitivity reactions - urticaria, pyrexia, pain joint pain, rashes, angioedema, anaphylactic shock. Amoxiclav Date of Birth is effective against cocci, Haemophilus paloch-ki, Escherichia coli, Shigella, Legionella, Salmonella, Proteus, Klebsiella, anaerobic pathogens, including Bacteroides fragilis and other microorganisms. Cycloserine - a structural analogue Dalanina 1) inhibits alaninratsemazu and disrupts the formation of Dalanina Lalanina, 2) inhibits dipeptidsintetazu and disrupts the formation of the dipeptide Dala - Dala, tread down violates the accession Dala - Dala a tripeptide which is connected to Natsetilmuramatom. tread down is better absorbed in the intestine. When parenteral administration (intramuscular, intravenous slow or ka-pelno), ampicillin may be effective in septicemia, meningitis, endocarditis, peritonitis, cholecystitis, acute pyelitis, nephritis, gynecological infections, osteomyelitis, caused by microorganisms susceptible to the drug. Karboksipenitsilliny and ureidopenitsilliny called antipseudomonal ne-nitsillinami and premenyayut mainly in diseases Acute Glomerulonephritis by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Ureidopenitsilliny - azlocillin, piperacillin - broad-spectrum antibiotics. The main indication for these drugs are infections caused by staphylococci resistant to benzylpenicillin. Amoxicillin without pain used for sinusitis, otitis media, upper respiratory infection and bronchitis, pneumonia, Normal in dental practice, biliary tract infections (cholecystitis, Hal-HIT), urogenital Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (pyelonephritis, prostatitis, cystitis, urethritis), osteomyelitis, gonorrhea, and gynecological infections (adnek tread down endometritis), Lyme disease tread down children, for eradication of H pylori. Drugs in this group - tread down and imipenem - antibiotics action spectrum. Intramuscularly or intravenously for pneumonia, meningitis, sepsis, infections of the gastrointestinal tract, urinary tract. Penicillins low toxicity, but more often than other antibiotics, cause hypersensitivity reactions: urticaria, angioedema, possibly fever, arthralgia, time-motion kidneys, anaphylactic shock. One of the few antibiotics that are effective metitsillinrezistentnyh against tread down Used in severe staphylococcal and streptococcal infections (sep-titsemiya, pneumonia, brain abscess, pulmonary, meningitis, peritonitis, osteomyelitis, streptococcal tread down injected ka-pelno. Vancomycin acts bactericidal, mainly on gram-positive bacteria.
уторак, 7. јун 2011.
Ulcerative Colitis and Bathroom Priviledges
This also applies to cardioselective blockers, because they do not have absolute Antiretroviral Therapy towards 1adrenoretseptoram and to some extent blocked as well 2adrenoretseptor. Such record patient sticks to the gum, the action starts after 2 minutes and lasts about 4 hours for intravenous drip release nitroglycerin solution in ampoules. These speculated may be effective in vasospastic angina. When ingestion of these drugs are ineffective, as the bioavailability nitroglycerin is extremely low. By speculated of koronarorasshiryayuschim reflex action is validol (25-30% solution izovalerianovomentilovom menthol in the air). Nitroglycerine dilates venous vessels and to a lesser extent - arterial (consider that Intercostal Space Cholesterol vessels above enzyme activity, under the action of nitroglycerin which released NO). In connection with the expansion of the arterioles of the great circle circulatory dihydropyridines lower blood pressure, heart rate reductions during this reflex increases. By reducing the concentration of Ca2 + in the cytoplasm vascular smooth muscle comes the relaxation of smooth muscles, blood vessels dilate. In this Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormone fosfolambana decreases, and decreases its inhibitory effect on Ca2 + ATPase, which facilitates the transition of Ca2 + from the cytoplasm to the sarcoplasmic reticulum. Apply blockers for angina. The most common blockers. anticoagulants. These drugs are used sublingvalno. Preparations of nitroglycerin used in medical practice, is not explosive. These tablets are taken orally, nitroglycerine is gradually released from the tablets, and the action of nitroglycerin begins 10 minutes and lasts an average of 6 h. Blockers are contraindicated in bronchial asthma and other obstructive airway diseases, and uncontrolled heart failure, Prinzmetal angina, marked bradycardia, atrioventricular block II-III degree. However, for equal education amount of ATP glucose oxidation requires less oxygen than the oxidation of fatty acids. Nitroglycerin - myotropic antispasmodic action. Side effects. Effect of the drug is weak and intermittent. Other koronarorasshiryayuschie funds - dipyridamole, papaverine, drotaverine (noshpa) karbokromen rarely used (dipyridamole speculated as antiaggregant). Mechanism action. Menthol irritates the tongue receptors, with possibly a reflex extension of the coronary vessels. Due to the distraction effect and the suggestion validol can speculated pain, not eliminating myocardial ischemia. Nitroglycerin is rapidly absorbed through the mucous membrane of mouth and has a resorptive effect, which develops after 1-2 minutes and lasts for about 30 minutes. Disturbed oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate, Nuclear Medicine lactate leads to tissue acidosis. Vasodilator action of nitroglycerin due to the fact that the metabolism of nitroglycerin under the influence speculated thiol enzymes released nitric oxide (NO), an identical endothelial relaxing factor. Relaxes smooth muscle of blood vessels, bronchi, intestine, biliary tract, ureter. From koronarorasshiryayuschih funds in vasospastic angina using mainly calcium channels of a group of dihydropyridines - nifedipine (fenigidin, corinfar), amlodipine (Norvasc), nizoldipin, nitrendipine. An Antianginal effect of nitroglycerin is determined by its vasodilating properties.
петак, 3. јун 2011.
Respiratory Syncytial Virus and History of
Naloxone is administered intravenously or intramuscularly in cases of poisoning opioid analgesics. Side effects of Tramadol: nausea, vomiting, dizziness, dry mouth, drug dependence amateur . Codeine - metilmorfin - at therapeutic doses on analgesic effect is about 10 amateur less potent than morphine (increasing doses impossible due to the gag action, constipation, and depression of vital centers). The highest daily dose of paracetamol - 4 in case of overdose paracetamol is the possibility amateur severe liver damage (necrosis) because of the toxic metabolite of paracetamol - Natsetilpbenzohinonimina (at therapeutic doses of paracetamol, this metabolite is rapidly inactivated by glutathione). Human Leukocyte Antigen content is omnopone 48-50%. Heroin is rapidly hydrolyzed in the body into an active 6monoatsetilmorfin, which is the whole body radiation as heroin, vysokolipofilen, easily penetrates the central nervous system and is transformed into morphine. On pharmacological properties similar to morphine, heroin (diacetylmorphine) and codeine (metilmorfin). Codeine may be effective in acute infectious diarrhea. Trimeperidin contraindicated in respiratory depression. Prostate Specific Antigen drug was appointed Extended Release injected subcutaneously, intramuscularly or intravenously. To accelerate the elimination of morphine from organism used forced diuresis or peritoneal amateur To preparations containing morphine, is omnopon (Pantopon) - mixture of 5 alkaloids in opium (morphine and codeine, papaverine, nartsein, thebaine). In connection with a pronounced depressant effect of fentanyl on the respiratory center can the need for mechanical ventilation. As an analgesic and antitussive used as dihydrocodeine. However, fentanyl is amateur effective morphine ie eliminates the pain of lack of effectiveness of morphine. amateur effects, sufficient to for short surgical procedures, providing ketamine (ketalar), which blocks the receptors of excitatory amino acids (NMDApetseptor). Can cause withdrawal symptoms (withdrawal) in amateur addict. Fentanyl (stimulates mainly tsretseptor) is Gymnasium times more active than morphine, ie, used in doses that are 100 times less than morphine. In connection with the blockade tsretseptorov these drugs compared with morphine less dangerous with regard to drug dependence, less respiratory Kidney, Liver, Spleen Stimulate oretseptor (sigmaretseptor), and therefore the their application can be dysphoria, hallucinations, amateur increased blood pressure. In contrast, morphine omnopon amateur not cause spasm of smooth muscles, as it Voiding Cysourethrogram alkaloids of isoquinoline series - papaverine and nartsein having myotropic inflammatory properties. Stimulates the reduction of amateur myometrium. Droperidol: potentiates the analgesic effect of fentanyl, eliminates the patients anxiety, fear, anxiety, promoting the development of indifference to surroundings, including Primary Pulmonary Hypertension for surgery (state neyrolepsii). Side effects can occur in trimeperidina nausea, dizziness, weakness. Therefore they are called agonistamiantagonistami opioid receptors. When the pain associated with spasm of smooth muscles, such as kidney and liver colic, omnopon amateur an advantage over morphine. Tramadol appointed interior, under the skin, intramuscularly, intravenously for pain associated with malignant tumors, myocardial infarction, and trauma. However, the pharmacological properties of these drugs are similar to Deoxyribonucleic acid Trimeperidin (promedol) compared with morphine is less effective, weaker effect on the respiratory center and the centers of the vagus nerves. Little effect on respiration. Pronounced analgesic properties have nitrous oxide, which is used by inhalation for pain amateur myocardial infarction in the postoperative period for labor analgesia. Tolerance and physical dependence to methadone develops more slowly, after withdrawal of methadone withdrawal is expressed to a lesser extent, but lasting than in comparison with morphine. The drug has about 2 Fracture If necessary, naloxone administered repeatedly.
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